{"id":4949,"date":"2025-10-30T01:54:39","date_gmt":"2025-10-29T22:54:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/?p=4949"},"modified":"2025-10-30T01:54:39","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T22:54:39","slug":"rasina-schimbatoare-de-ioni-zgf-860-pentru-indepartarea-fluorului","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/2025\/10\/30\/rasina-schimbatoare-de-ioni-zgf-860-pentru-indepartarea-fluorului\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u0103\u0219in\u0103 schimb\u0103toare de ioni ZGF 860 pentru \u00eendep\u0103rtarea fluorului"},"content":{"rendered":"

ZGF 860 Fluorine Remove Ion Exchange Resin<\/h2>\n

1. Introducere: <\/span><\/span><\/strong>R\u0103\u0219ina schimb\u0103toare<\/span><\/a><\/span>
\n de ioni pentru \u00eendep\u0103rtarea fluorului ZGF 860 <\/span>este o r\u0103\u0219in\u0103 special\u0103 cu structur\u0103 macroporoas\u0103. Este un copolimer macromolecular cu o grupare activ\u0103 de aluminiu pe matricea sa stiren-DVB. Acest tip de structur\u0103 chimic\u0103 permite ionilor radicali de fluor din ap\u0103 s\u0103 formeze un compus complex stabil, av\u00e2nd astfel scopul de a elimina \u0219i reduce concentra\u021bia de fluor din ap\u0103, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 se ating\u0103 Standardul Na\u021bional pentru Apa Potabil\u0103, care este sub 1 mg\/L.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Proprietatea tehnic\u0103<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Matrice<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nStiren macroporos-DVB<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aspect<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/td>\nM\u0103rgele opace galben pal<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Perle \u00eentregi %<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n\u226595<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grup func\u021bional<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAluminiu activ<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Con\u021binut de Al %<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n15~25 (r\u0103\u0219in\u0103 uscat\u0103)<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Greutate de transport \u00een g\/<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n0,70~0,80<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Densitate real\u0103 (umed\u0103) g\/L<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n1,08~1,16<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Con\u021binut de umiditate %<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n50~65<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Interval dimensiune particule mm<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n0,315~1,25<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Limit\u0103 de temperatur\u0103 \u00b0C<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n90<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH-ul<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n5~9,5<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
solubilitate<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nInsolubil \u00een ap\u0103, acid, solu\u021bii alcaline \u0219i solu\u021bii obi\u0219nuite<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3. Principiul de func\u021bionare<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fluorul<\/span><\/span><\/a> este un oligoelement care exist\u0103 \u00een natur\u0103, \u00een minerale comune precum fluoritul, fluorapatita, piatra cristalin\u0103, mica, carbura de calciu etc. Locul concentrat de minerale care con\u021bin fluor se nume\u0219te zon\u0103 cu con\u021binut ridicat de fluor. Atunci c\u00e2nd apa trece printr-un strat bogat \u00een fluor, fluorul se dizolv\u0103 \u0219i exist\u0103 \u00een ap\u0103 sub form\u0103 de F-, HF-, HF-2. Contaminarea industrial\u0103 este o alt\u0103 surs\u0103 de fluor \u00een natur\u0103, cum ar fi aluminiul \u0219i \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103mintele industriale cu fosfat. \u00cen plus, arderea c\u0103rbunelui, care elibereaz\u0103 fluor \u00een mediu, cre\u0219te con\u021binutul de fluor din ap\u0103 \u0219i aer. Se raporteaz\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een apa natural\u0103, con\u021binutul de fluor ajunge la c\u00e2\u021biva mg\/l, chiar \u0219i la zeci de mg\/l \u00een unele zone ale \u021b\u0103rii noastre. Cercet\u0103rile toxicologice privind elementul fluor arat\u0103 c\u0103 acesta provoac\u0103 fluoroz\u0103 dentar\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd concentra\u021bia de F- ajunge la 115 mg\/l, provoac\u0103 fluorur\u0103 osoas\u0103 \u0219i leziuni ale \u021besutului nervos \u0219i ale mu\u0219chilor scheletici atunci c\u00e2nd concentra\u021bia de F- ajunge la 415 mg\/l, scade activitatea sistemului enzimatic \u0219i obstruc\u021bioneaz\u0103 formarea osoas\u0103. De asemenea, alte cercet\u0103ri arat\u0103 c\u0103 un consum excesiv de fluor ar putea duce la cancere precum cancerul oral, cancerul de s\u00e2n, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t contaminarea apei cu fluor \u0219i modul de eliminare a acestuia reprezint\u0103 o problem\u0103 major\u0103. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, metodele de eliminare a fluorului sunt coagularea, adsorb\u021bia, tehnologia cu membrane, dar toate prezint\u0103 dezavantajele calit\u0103\u021bii slabe a apei dup\u0103 tratare, capacit\u0103\u021bii mici de eliminare a fluorului \u0219i costului ridicat. Cu toate acestea, profit\u00e2nd de proprietatea chimic\u0103 de coordonare a AL3+ \u0219i F-, se ob\u021bine un rezultat bun utiliz\u00e2nd o r\u0103\u0219in\u0103 chelatoare aminocarboxilic\u0103 (grup\u0103 func\u021bional\u0103 \u2014CH2\u2014N(CH2COOH)2), care preia AL3+ p\u00e2n\u0103 la un con\u021binut de fluor de 2~60 ml\/L ap\u0103, solid-lichid pentru a elimina fluorul. <\/span><\/span>
\nAL3+ are un c\u00e2mp de liganzi octaedric, poate forma complexe nesaturate dup\u0103 ce se \u00eencarc\u0103 \u00een r\u0103\u0219in\u0103. Punctul de coordonare din st\u00e2nga se combin\u0103 cu apa. C\u00e2nd intr\u0103 \u00een contact cu apa cu con\u021binut ridicat de fluor, poate \u00eenlocui apa datorit\u0103 capacit\u0103\u021bii mai mari de coordonare dintre F- \u0219i AL3+, provoc\u00e2nd apoi adsorb\u021bia prin schimb de liganzi la fixarea F-, realiz\u00e2nd \u00een final separarea solid-lichid \u00een ap\u0103 pentru a \u00eendep\u0103rta fluorul. Formula chimic\u0103 este urm\u0103toarea: <\/span><\/span>
\nR\u2014CH2\u2014N(COO)2AL\uff08H2O\uff093X + 3F- \u2192 R\u2014CH2\u2014N(COO)2AL\uff08F\uff093X + 3H2O. <\/span><\/span>
\nNot\u0103: X este anionul unic, av\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp ioni \u00eenc\u0103rca\u021bi; R este un grup macromolecular organic al r\u0103\u0219inii.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00cen\u0103l\u021bimea stratului de r\u0103\u0219in\u0103 m<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n0,8~2,5<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spa\u021biu proiectat pentru sp\u0103larea invers\u0103 %<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n80~100<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rata de sp\u0103lare invers\u0103 (%)<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n50~85<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Regenerant<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nNaCl\/ NaCl + NaO<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Concentra\u021bia regenerantului %<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n8~10% NaCI \/4~5% NaCI +0,2% NaOH<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dozaj regenerant m3\/m3-R<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n2,0~2,5<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Timp minim de contact al regenerantului<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n50~70<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Timp minim de \u00eenlocuire<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n30~50<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Debit de cl\u0103tire m\/h<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n8-15<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Viteza de func\u021bionare m\/h<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n2~10<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
intervalul de pH<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n5~9,5<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4. Regenerarea propriet\u0103\u021bii:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u2014CH2\u2014N(COO)2 AL \uff08F\uff093 X + 3OH- \u2192 R\u2014CH2\u2014N(COO)2 AL\uff08H2O\uff093X + 3HF-<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ZGF 860 Fluorine Remove Ion Exchange Resin 1. Introducere: R\u0103\u0219ina schimb\u0103toare de ioni pentru \u00eendep\u0103rtarea fluorului ZGF 860 este o r\u0103\u0219in\u0103 special\u0103 cu structur\u0103 macroporoas\u0103. Este un copolimer macromolecular cu o grupare activ\u0103 de aluminiu pe matricea sa stiren-DVB. Acest tip de structur\u0103 chimic\u0103 permite ionilor radicali de fluor din ap\u0103 s\u0103 formeze un compus…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4951,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[255],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-ro"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4949"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4953,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4949\/revisions\/4953"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hydrolite.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}